Space instruments by CBK PAN
MARS-EXPRESS was an ESA mission launched on June 2, 2003. The aim of the project was to investigate the surface and the atmosphere of Mars from its orbit. Poland was involved in the PFS experiment (Planetary Fourier Spectrometer). The device was constructed by an international cooperation, i.e. the Italian-Polish-French-Spanish-US-Japanese team. It covered the ranges of …
VENUS-EXPRESS was launched on November 26, 2005. It was the second planet-bound probe developed for ESA. The aim of the mission is to study the atmosphere, plasma environment and surface of Venus. Poland was involved in the PFS (Planetary Fourier Spectrometer) experiment. The spectral range of the instrument is 0.9-45μm. It was designed to perform …
BEPICOLOMBO is ESA’s mission to Mercury. It consists of two orbiters. One is for planetary studies (MPO) and the other for magnetospheric studies (MMO). Orbiters will reach Mercury in 2022. Polish CBK PAN is involved in the MPO-MERTIS (Mercury Radiometer and Thermal Infrared Spectrometer) and ISA experiments. The CBK PAN is responsible for designing and …
CORONAS-PHOTON SphinX was developed by the Solar Physics Division of the CBK PAN as a part of international collaboration involving scientists from Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Italy, the UK, and the USA. SphinX was launched aboard the Russian spacecraft CORONAS-PHOTON on January 30, 2009. SPHINX provided excellent quality observations of the Sun in soft …
RPWI/JUICE. The JUpiter ICy moons Explorer ESA L-class mission JUICE will perform advanced investigations of Jupiter and its system. The RPWI Radio & Plasma Waves Investigation is one of the scientific payload instrument. RPWI consists of a highly integrated instrument package that will carry out measurements that allow for comprehensive science investigations of the space …
GLOWS (GLObal solar Wind Structure) is one of 10 experiments on a NASA mission IMAP (Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe), scheduled for launch into a Lissajous orbit around the Lagrange point L1 in 2025. The objective of GLOWS is to investigate the global heliolatitude structure of the solar wind and its evolution during the solar …
The payload-electric field detector was launched on June 6, 1992 on a Terrier-boosted Black Brant VC rocket (NASA 36.064 CE, El Coqui AA-3B) from the Puerto Rico’s North Coast. Peak altitude: 370km. Trajectory plane: within 10° of the magnetic meridian. Investigations were focused on the Chemical Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) program and they …
Suborbital flight during the ‘El Coqui’ campaign Read More »
ATHENA mission is approved by European Space Agency as a large mission L2 with a launch foreseen in 2028. X-IFU (X-ray Integral Field Unit) instrument on-board ATHENA satellite will propose the unique detector system able to analize the energy spectra with resolution of 2.5eV at 1kEV. WFI (Wide Field Instrument) instrument on-board ATHENA satellite will …
PROBA-3 is the 3rd mission of the PROBA (Project for Onboard Autonomy) line. It is an experimental mission devoted to the in-orbit demonstration of formation flying techniques and technologies. The high level objectives of the PROBA-3 project are: The development to technology readiness level 9 (TRL), in-orbit demonstration, of the formation flying techniques and associated …
SolpeX is the soft X-ray polarimeter-spectrometer to be built by CBK PAN for the International Space Station. The instrument consists of three functional blocks to be placed inside Russian-build KORTES assembly. Delivery of KORTES to the ISS is planned for 2017/2018. The three SolpeX units are: the rotating bent-crystal polarimeter (B-POL), a fast rotating drum …
TARANIS is a low-altitude micro-satellite. It is the CNES mission to study physics of the TLEs (Transient Luminous Events) and TGFs (Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes) events. Polish CBK PAN participates in the scientific program of the mission and designs the MEXIC Power Unit (MPU), which is to run all the TARANIS payloads. TARANIS (Tool for the …
The primary objective of RESONANCE project is to diagnose and monitor the Earth’s space environment, describe the transport of energy between inner magnetosphere and ionosphere system and obtain a much more complete picture of Radiation Belts than those available hitherto. The High Frequency Analyser (HFA) will be located on boards of four spacecrafts. HFA is …
In order to diagnose and forecast the near Earth’s environment the four spacecraft JONOSOND missions lead by Russian Space Agency were proposed. The four identical spacecrafts will be located at the polar circular orbit at the altitude 600km and 800km. The four ionosonds LAERT, dedicated to top-side in situ active diagnostics, were designed in CBK …
The Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) aboard ISS was proposed for studying the high-altitude, thunderstorm-related optical emission from the stratosphere and mesosphere. One of the two main instruments in ASIM is the Miniature-X and Gamma-ray Sensor (MXGS) designed by the University of Bergen and University of Valencia in cooperation with Polish CBK PAN in Warsaw. The …
InSight is a NASA mission which will place a lander on Mars in order to explore the Martian interior by conducting geophysical studies. It addresses one of the most fundamental questions of the space science i.e. the process of shaping the Red planet. CBK PAN participates in the construction of the HP3 instrument which is …
Cassini is a joint mission of NASA and ESA established to study the Saturn System and its largest moon, Titan. The mission was launched on October 5, 1997 and arrived at Saturn on July 1, 2004. On January 14, 2005 HUYGENS probe landed on Titan’s surface. HUYGENS investigated the atmosphere and surface, and enabled the …
ROSETTA was an international mission that was a part of the ESA’s Science Programme. The satellite was launched on March 2, 2004 and its destination was the short period comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The mission’s objectives were: to analyse the drilled samples and the surface; to sound the deep interior, plasma and magnetosphere; to study dust oduction …
PHOBOS-GRUNT was a Russian space mission to Phobos (one of the moons of Mars). Its aim was to investigate the Phobos’ surface and to study Mars; its atmosphere’s dynamics, dust storms and seasonal climate changes. One of the three instruments dedicated to collecting samples from Phobos’ surface is a unique geological penetrator CHOMIK which was …
The Herschel Space Observatory, the fourth cornerstone mission in the European Space Agency (ESA) science programme, was launched on 14th May 2009 and succesfully operated almost four years. Mission ended when the liquid helium supply was exhausted on 29 April 2013. Herschel carried a 3.5 m diameter telescope (the largest one ever built for a …
As part of the China Chang’e 4 mission, two microsatellites (45 kg each) named Longjiang-1 and Longjiang-2 have been deployed into lunar orbit in May 2018 to observe the sky at very low frequencies (1 MHz-30 MHz), corresponding to wavelengths of 300m–10m, with the aim of studying energetic phenomena from celestial sources. Due to the …
Radio antennas and receivers (Longjiang / Chang’E-4 mission) Read More »
INTEGRAL (International Gamma Ray Observatory) is a large ESA mission designed to study the gamma radiation in space. Satellite was launched into Earth orbit on October 2002. Polish CBK PAN participated in developing instruments and software for the mission. They included: VEB – unit for the gamma ray telescope IBIS, an on-ground data processing ackage …
CHANDRAYAAN-1 was an Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) mission launched in collaboration with ESA to study the Moon. It was designed to study the lunar surface at high resolution. It was launched on October 22, 2008. CBK PAN collaborated on two experiments in this project. IR Spectrometer SIR-2 was designed and manufactured for lunar surface …
DEMETER (Detection of the Electro-Magnetic Emission Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) was a French project of the low altitude micro-satellite which aim was to study the electromagnetic perturbations in relation with the seismic and volcanic activity.Demeter was launched on June 29, 2004 and its scientific mission ended up on December 9, 2010. Poland provided the DC/DC …
The RELEC satellite was launched on July 8, 2014 into the Sun’s synchronous orbit with apogee: 830km, perigee: 640km and inclination: 98,4deg. The aim of the RELEC mission is to study the precipitation of the magnetosphere’s relativistic electrons and their impact on the Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere including the observations of fast transient phenomena in …
The OBSTANOVKA-1 experiment was delivered to ISS in its Russian Segment in February 2013, then mounted by cosmonauts outside the station (April 2013). The aim of the bstanovka experiment is to monitor and diagnose the electromagnetic radiation and property of plasma around the station. In order to achieve this, the Plasma-Wave Complex was developed. One …
IBEX (Interstellar Boundary Explorer) was a NASA’s Small Explorer heliospheric mission launched on October 19, 2008. Its aim was to investigate the interaction of the solar wind colliding with the inflowing interstellar matter. It was the first spacecraft able to image dynamic processes operating in the boundary region between the solar wind and Local Interstellar …
COMPASS-2 was the first micro-satellite of the Russian Space Agency’s low orbiting system. Its aim was to investigate the geodynamics-related effects in the ionospheric plasma. The project was coordinated by IZMIRAN RAS, and Polish CBK PAN in Warsaw was a co-investigator of the Compass-2 experiments. The satellite was launched on May 26, 2006. The CBK …
COMPAS was a small satellite created for investigation of ionospheric plasma effects related to geodynamics. Poland provided the plasma wave radiospectrometer. The spacecraft lost contact with its ground telemetric station after launch.
The INTERBALL project was a new approach to the investigation of physical processes in the Earth’s magnetosphere and interplanetary medium with two satellites as well as two deployed sub-satellites delivered by the Czech Republic. The AURORAL PROBE (Interball-2) satellite along with its sub-satellite launched on August 29, 1998 was designed for measurements in the auroral …
The MARS 96 mission was designed to send an orbiter, two small autonomous stations, and two surface penetrators to Mars in order to investigate the evolution of the planet by studying its physical and chemical processes. The Mars 96 Orbiter carried 12 instruments created to study the surface and atmosphere of Mars, as well as …
The INTERBALL project was a new approach to the investigation of the physical processes in the Earth’s magnetosphere and interplanetary medium by means of two satellites, as well as two deployed Czech sub-satellites. The TAIL PROBE (Interball-1) satellite along with its sub-satellite was launched on August 3, 1995 and it penetrated the tail region of …
The satellite CORONAS-I was launched on March 2, 1994. Its task was to study physical processes on the Sun and their influence on the Earth. Poland provided two instruments located on board the spacecraft. The first one, the X-ray spectro-dopplerometer DIOGENES, is aimed at studying the energy transfer in solar flares. The other one, the …
The PHOBOS mission to Mars, consisting of 2 nearly identical spacecrafts Phobos-1 and Phobos-2, was launched on 7 and 12 July, 1988 respectively. The mission was performed as a cooperation between 14 nations including Sweden, Switzerland, Austria, France, West Germany, Poland and ESA. The objectives were to conduct studies of interplanetary environment, characterize plasma environment …
COSMOS-1809 – was launched on December 18, 1986 to an almost circular orbit to investigate the physical processes in the Earth’s ionosphere. On board the satellite were instruments, among others the ionospheric topside sounder, designed and manufactured by several Russian institutes. Poland provided the radiospectrometer to measure the plasma waves in r.f. range.
Probe designed for investigations of the planet Venus and Halley’s Comet. VEGA-1 and VEGA-2 were launched on December 15, 1984 and December 21, 1984, respectively. The Vega spacecrafts were fitted with scientific apparatus and equipment built in eight countries and ESA (European Space Agency). The spacecrafts rendezvoused with Halley’s Comet on March 6, 1986 (Vega-1) …
Spacecraft was launched on December 25, 1980 on Earth’s elongated orbit to investigate the interaction of solar wind with the magnetosphere. Measurements performed by scientific instruments obtained by international teams were related to the effects of solar activity on the interplanetary plasma and Earth’s environment. Poland (ILOT) provided the plasma wave spectrum analyser BUD-2.
INTERCOSMOS-15 tested new systems and satellite components in the spaceflight conditions. Poland provided the sub-carrier frequency generator for the unified telemetric system ETMS located on IK-15’s board. Good performance of the device made it possible to use it also on the boards of IK-18, IK-19, IK-24, IK-25 satellites.
INTERCOSMOS-COPERNICUS 500 spacecraft aimed at observations of solar radio bursts at r.f. frequencies and plasma resonances in the upper ionosphere. Poland provided the r.f. radiospectrometer. The spacecraft was launched on April 19, 1973 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Copernicus birth. The obtained data allowed to estimate the strength and polarisation of the solar type …
GAMMA mission launched on July 12, 1990, was a research in the field of high-energy (gamma/x-ray) astrophysics prepared jointly by Russia, France and Poland. The satellite was based on the Soyuz manned spacecraft. Poland provided the Telezvezda star tracker working together with the Gamma-1 telescope. It had a 6deg x 6deg field of view and …
The Intercosmos-25 satellite with a Czech made sub-satellite was launched on the Earth’s orbit on December 18, 1991. Aboard the spacecraft were: an electron gun (6.2keV), a plasma gun (400eV), and a plasma diagnostics system. Another plasma diagnostics package was located on the sub-satellite. The main goal was to investigate the dynamics of an electron …
The Intercosmos-24 satellite was launched on the Earth’s orbit on September 28, 1989. The IK-24 satellite consisted of the 10kW power transmitter at 9.6kHz, a full plasma diagnostics system located on the spacecraft as well as Czech made sub-satellite released during the mission. The goal of the project was to investigate the elementary turbulence in …
Magion 4 was a subsatellite to INTERBALL 1 (Tail probe) and was launched together with it. The INTERBALL project’s main goal were the multi point simultaneous measurements at different altitudes in the Earth’s magnetosphere.On board of Magion 4 was located spectrum analyser SAS, build together by engineers from CBK PAN and IL, devoted to study …
OPS-SAT (3U CubeSat) will be a safe, hardware/software laboratory, flying in a LEO orbit, reconfigurable at every layer from channel coding upwards, devoted to demonstrate innovative new mission operation concepts. This ESA mission aims at providing powerful in-orbit tools to an emerging experimenter’s community which is keen to demonstrate advanced concepts for future space applications, …
Rocket launched on November 28, 1970. Peak altitude: 487km. Carried experiments: studying geophysical matters including the X-ray spectrum and the concentration of electrons and ions, as well as electron temperature. In the experiment Soviet Union and four other countries took part. Poland provided the X-ray heliospectrograph. It was the very first Polish instrument launched into …
Rocket launched on August 20, 1971. Peak altitude: 463km. Essentially, a repeat of the investigation of Vertical-1, with experiments provided by the Soviet Union and four other countries. Poland provided a set of solar X-ray diagnostics instruments.
Rocket launched on August 30, 1977. Peak altitude: about 500km. Equipment from three countries, as well as from the Soviet Union has been provided. Poland provided a set of solar X-ray diagnostics instruments.
Rockets launched on September 29, 1979 (Vertical-8, peak altitude: 505km) and August 28, 1981 (Vertical-9, peak altitude: 500km). Experiments were realized by the Soviet Union and cooperating countries. Poland provided a set of solar X-ray diagnostics instruments.
Rockets launched on September 29, 1979 (Vertical-8, peak altitude: 505km) and August 28, 1981 (Vertical-9, peak altitude: 500km). Experiments were realized by the Soviet Union and cooperating countries. Poland provided a set of solar X-ray diagnostics instruments.
The rocket experiment Gruzya-60 Spurt (G-60-S) was aimed at studying the processes in the vicinity of the vehicle caused by the injection of an electron beam. The payload was launched on September 18, 1981 with VERTICAL rocket going up to 1540km of altitude. One aspect was to study the neutralisation process during and after the …
Rocket launched on December 21, 1981. Peak altitude: 1510km. Atmospheric and ionospheric studies, with devices from the Soviet Union and cooperating countries, were carried out. Poland provided the spectrum analyser to measure the ionospheric plasma irregularities.
Rocket launched on October 20, 1983. Peak altitude: 500km. Solar radiation studies with experiments were carried out by the Soviet Union and two other countries. Poland delivered a set of solar X-ray diagnostics equipment.
MR-12 rocket launched on May 20, 1983 to investigate the processes in the lower ionosphere. Poland provided the equipment measuring the low frequency spectra of plasma waves as well as electron density. The telemetric link with the scientific instruments failed after deployment of antenna system.
As a part of Plasma experiment the MR-12 rocket was launched from the North Atlantic (18N 30W), on March 18, 1985. It was a mother-daughter type experiment. The impulse Li+ ion gun of 300A and 8.3eV was located on the container attached to the rocket. Poland provided the r.f. spectrometer installed on the rocket board.
German/Indian DEOS (Dynamics of the Equatorial Ionosphere Over Shriharikota Range) Rocket Campaign was aimed at studying the structure and dynamics of the equatorial ionosphere under the equinox conditions. Three sounding rockets were launched in 1998 from SHAR (South India). The payload was comprised of the impedance probe, two Langmuir probes, a set of the resonance …
Spacecraft launched on February 27, 1979 was designed to investigate the topside ionospheric structure and electromagnetic phenomena. The ionospheric topside sounder on board of the spacecraft was supported by a set of diagnostics plasma instruments provided by five countries. Poland (ILOT) provided the r.f. radiospectrometer as well as the sub-carrier frequency generator of the telemetric …
PRIRODA, the last of the Mir modules launched on April 23, 1996, was designed for the Earth’s remote sensing. The experiments conducted by an international team supported a research program for the determination of atmosphere-ocean system characteristics and measurements of atmospheric optical characteristics. The vehicle also supported materials science, space technology, biotechnology and life sciences …
Wizjer (ITSOK-1 complex onboard space station Mir) Read More »
The DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer (DESIS) environment and resource monitoring system was launched to the ISS in July 2018. The hyperspectral sensor system has 235 spectral channels with a spatial resolution of 30 metres. DLR and the US company Teledyne Brown Engineering (TBE) cooperated on the development of the instrument, CBK PAN, as the …
The 2016 ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) is the first in a series of Mars missions to be undertaken jointly by two space agencies, ESA and Roscosmos. A key goal of this mission is to gain a better understanding of methane and other atmospheric gases that are present in small concentrations (less than 1% of …
BRITE (Brite Target Explorer) Project is an international collaboration aimed at collecting astronomical data on the brightness oscillation of stars which are bigger and hotter than the Sun. Institutes from Austria, Canada and Poland contributed star-observing nanosatellites, forming a constellation of 6 spacecraft constantly conducting photometric measurements of stars. CBK PAN built and qualified two …
„Lem” & „Heweliusz” telescopes of BRITE constellation Read More »
The STIX Solar Orbiter (SOLO) will be launched by ESA in 2018 to perform observations of the Sun, the inner heliosphere and solar wind. SOLO will fly towards the Sun and will have approached the star closer than any other previously launched spacecraft. SOLO’s three-axis will be stabilized and pointed to the Sun. Major breakthroughs …
Centrum Badań Kosmicznych PAN
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