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Space instruments by CBK PAN

Suborbital flight during the ‘El Coqui’ campaign

The payload-electric field detector was launched on June 6, 1992 on a Terrier-boosted Black Brant VC rocket (NASA 36.064 CE, El Coqui AA-3B) from the Puerto Rico’s North Coast. Peak altitude: 370km. Trajectory plane: within 10° of the magnetic meridian. Investigations were focused on the Chemical Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) program and they …

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HFA (RESONANCE mission)

The primary objective of RESONANCE project is to diagnose and monitor the Earth’s space environment, describe the transport of energy between inner magnetosphere and ionosphere system and obtain a much more complete picture of Radiation Belts than those available hitherto. The High Frequency Analyser (HFA) will be located on boards of four spacecrafts. HFA is …

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ASIM instrument attached to the International Space Station. Photo: NASA

MXGS (ASIM mission / ISS)

The Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) aboard ISS was proposed for studying the high-altitude, thunderstorm-related optical emission from the stratosphere and mesosphere. One of the two main instruments in ASIM is the Miniature-X and Gamma-ray Sensor (MXGS) designed by the University of Bergen and University of Valencia in cooperation with Polish CBK PAN in Warsaw. The …

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Longjiang lunar probe (equiped with Polish instrumentation) of the Chang'E-4 programme z polskimi instrymentami na pokładzie. Photo: CSA

Radio antennas and receivers (Longjiang / Chang’E-4 mission)

As part of the China Chang’e 4 mission, two microsatellites (45 kg each) named Longjiang-1 and Longjiang-2 have been deployed into lunar orbit in May 2018 to observe the sky at very low frequencies (1 MHz-30 MHz), corresponding to wavelengths of 300m–10m, with the aim of studying energetic phenomena from celestial sources. Due to the …

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Power supply unit (DEMETER mission)

DEMETER (Detection of the Electro-Magnetic Emission Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) was a French project of the low altitude micro-satellite which aim was to study the electromagnetic perturbations in relation with the seismic  and volcanic activity.Demeter was launched on June 29, 2004 and its scientific mission ended up on December 9, 2010. Poland provided the DC/DC …

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RFA (RELEC mission)

The RELEC satellite was launched on July 8, 2014 into the Sun’s synchronous orbit with apogee: 830km, perigee: 640km and inclination: 98,4deg. The aim of the RELEC mission is to study the precipitation of the magnetosphere’s relativistic electrons and their impact on the Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere including the observations of fast transient phenomena in …

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IBEX-Lo (IBEX mission)

IBEX (Interstellar Boundary Explorer) was a NASA’s Small Explorer heliospheric mission launched on October 19, 2008. Its aim was to investigate the interaction of the solar wind colliding with the inflowing interstellar matter. It was the first spacecraft able to image dynamic processes operating in the boundary region between the solar wind and Local Interstellar …

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RFA (Compas-2 mission)

COMPASS-2 was the first micro-satellite of the Russian Space Agency’s low orbiting system. Its aim was to investigate the geodynamics-related effects in the ionospheric plasma. The project was coordinated by IZMIRAN RAS, and Polish CBK PAN in Warsaw was a co-investigator of the Compass-2 experiments. The satellite was launched on May 26, 2006. The CBK …

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RFA-2 (Compas-1 mission)

COMPAS was a small satellite created for investigation of ionospheric plasma effects related to geodynamics. Poland provided the plasma wave radiospectrometer. The spacecraft lost contact with its ground telemetric station after launch.

POLRAD (Interball-2 mission)

The INTERBALL project was a new approach to the investigation of physical processes in the Earth’s magnetosphere and interplanetary medium with two satellites as well as two deployed sub-satellites delivered by the Czech Republic. The AURORAL PROBE (Interball-2) satellite along with its sub-satellite launched on August 29, 1998 was designed for measurements in the auroral …

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APV-F1 i APV-F2 (Fobos-1 i Fobos-2 mission)

The PHOBOS mission to Mars, consisting of 2 nearly identical spacecrafts Phobos-1 and Phobos-2, was launched on 7 and 12 July, 1988 respectively. The mission was performed as a cooperation between 14 nations including Sweden, Switzerland, Austria, France, West Germany, Poland and ESA. The objectives were to conduct studies of interplanetary environment, characterize plasma environment …

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AVCz-2F (Cosmos-1809 mission)

COSMOS-1809 – was launched on December 18, 1986 to an almost circular orbit to investigate the physical processes in the Earth’s ionosphere. On board the satellite were instruments, among others the ionospheric topside sounder, designed and manufactured by several Russian institutes. Poland provided the radiospectrometer to measure the plasma waves in r.f. range.

APV-N (Vega-1 i Vega-2 missions)

Probe designed for investigations of the planet Venus and Halley’s Comet. VEGA-1 and VEGA-2 were launched on December 15, 1984 and December 21, 1984, respectively. The Vega spacecrafts were fitted with scientific apparatus and equipment built in eight countries and ESA (European Space Agency). The spacecrafts rendezvoused with Halley’s Comet on March 6, 1986 (Vega-1) …

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BUD-A (Prognoz-8 mission)

Spacecraft was launched on December 25, 1980 on Earth’s elongated orbit to investigate the interaction of solar wind with the magnetosphere. Measurements performed by scientific instruments obtained by international teams were related to the effects of solar activity on the interplanetary plasma and Earth’s environment. Poland (ILOT) provided the plasma wave spectrum analyser BUD-2.

ETMS (Intercosmos-15 mission)

INTERCOSMOS-15 tested new systems and satellite components in the spaceflight conditions. Poland provided the sub-carrier frequency generator for the unified telemetric system ETMS  located on IK-15’s board. Good performance of the device made it possible to use it also on the boards of IK-18, IK-19, IK-24, IK-25 satellites.

PC-500K (Intercosmos-11 mission)

INTERCOSMOS-COPERNICUS 500 spacecraft aimed at observations of solar radio bursts at r.f. frequencies and plasma resonances in the upper ionosphere. Poland provided the r.f. radiospectrometer. The spacecraft was launched on April 19, 1973 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Copernicus birth. The obtained data allowed to estimate the strength and polarisation of the solar type …

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Telezvezda (Gamma mission)

GAMMA mission launched on July 12, 1990, was a research in the field of high-energy (gamma/x-ray) astrophysics prepared jointly by Russia, France and Poland. The satellite was based on the Soyuz manned spacecraft. Poland provided the Telezvezda star tracker working together with the Gamma-1 telescope. It had a 6deg x 6deg field of view and …

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Intercosmos-25 mission

The Intercosmos-25 satellite with a Czech made sub-satellite was launched on the Earth’s orbit on December 18, 1991. Aboard the spacecraft were: an electron gun (6.2keV), a plasma gun (400eV), and a plasma diagnostics system. Another plasma diagnostics package was located on the sub-satellite. The main goal was to investigate the dynamics of an electron …

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Intercosmos-24 mission

The Intercosmos-24 satellite was launched on the Earth’s orbit on September 28, 1989. The IK-24 satellite consisted of the 10kW power transmitter at 9.6kHz, a full plasma diagnostics system located on the spacecraft as well as Czech made sub-satellite released during the mission. The goal of the project was to investigate the elementary turbulence in …

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SAS-1 (Magion-4 mission)

Magion 4 was a subsatellite to INTERBALL 1 (Tail probe) and was launched together with it. The INTERBALL project’s main goal were the multi point simultaneous measurements at different altitudes in the Earth’s magnetosphere.On board of Magion 4 was located spectrum analyser SAS, build together by engineers from CBK PAN and IL, devoted to study …

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OPS-SAT satellite

OPS-SAT (3U CubeSat) will be a safe, hardware/software laboratory, flying in a LEO orbit, reconfigurable at every layer from channel coding upwards, devoted to demonstrate innovative new mission operation concepts. This ESA mission aims at providing powerful in-orbit tools to an emerging experimenter’s community which is keen to demonstrate advanced concepts for future space applications, …

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Vertical-1 suborbital mission

Rocket launched on November 28, 1970. Peak altitude: 487km. Carried experiments: studying geophysical matters including the X-ray spectrum and the concentration of electrons and ions, as well as electron temperature. In the experiment Soviet Union and four other countries took part. Poland provided the X-ray heliospectrograph. It was the very first Polish instrument launched into …

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Vertical-2 suborbital mission

Rocket launched on August 20, 1971. Peak altitude: 463km. Essentially, a repeat of the investigation of Vertical-1, with experiments provided by the Soviet Union and four other countries. Poland provided a set of solar X-ray diagnostics instruments.

Vertical-8 suborbital mission

Rockets launched on September 29, 1979 (Vertical-8, peak altitude: 505km) and August 28, 1981 (Vertical-9, peak altitude: 500km). Experiments were realized by the Soviet Union and cooperating countries. Poland provided a set of solar X-ray diagnostics instruments.

Suborbital mission Vertical-9

Rockets launched on September 29, 1979 (Vertical-8, peak altitude: 505km) and August 28, 1981 (Vertical-9, peak altitude: 500km). Experiments were realized by the Soviet Union and cooperating countries. Poland provided a set of solar X-ray diagnostics instruments.

Vertical-10 suborbital mission

Rocket launched on December 21, 1981. Peak altitude: 1510km. Atmospheric and ionospheric studies, with devices from the Soviet Union and cooperating countries, were carried out. Poland provided the spectrum analyser to measure the ionospheric plasma irregularities.

VOLNA-1 suborbital mission

MR-12 rocket launched on May 20, 1983 to investigate the processes in the lower ionosphere. Poland provided the equipment measuring the low frequency spectra of plasma waves as well as electron density. The telemetric link with the scientific instruments failed after deployment of antenna system.

PLASMA suborbital mission

As a part of Plasma experiment the MR-12 rocket was launched from the North Atlantic (18N 30W), on March 18, 1985. It was a mother-daughter type experiment. The impulse Li+ ion gun of 300A and 8.3eV was located on the container attached to the rocket. Poland provided the r.f. spectrometer installed on the rocket board.

Suborbital mission of the DEOS campaign

German/Indian DEOS (Dynamics of the Equatorial Ionosphere Over Shriharikota Range) Rocket Campaign was aimed at studying the structure and dynamics of the equatorial ionosphere under the equinox conditions. Three sounding rockets were launched in 1998 from SHAR (South India). The payload was comprised of the impedance probe, two Langmuir probes, a set of the resonance …

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ETMS, IRS-1 (Intercosmos-19 mission)

Spacecraft launched on February 27, 1979 was designed to investigate the topside ionospheric structure and electromagnetic phenomena. The ionospheric topside sounder on board of the spacecraft was supported by a set of diagnostics plasma instruments provided by five countries. Poland (ILOT) provided the r.f. radiospectrometer as well as the sub-carrier frequency generator of the telemetric …

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Wizjer camera block for ISTOK complex (Mir space station). Photo CBK PAN

Wizjer (ITSOK-1 complex onboard space station Mir)

PRIRODA, the last of the Mir modules launched on April 23, 1996, was designed for the Earth’s remote sensing. The experiments conducted by an international team supported a research program for the determination of atmosphere-ocean system characteristics and measurements of atmospheric optical characteristics. The vehicle also supported materials science, space technology, biotechnology and life sciences …

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BRITE telescope. Photo: CBK PAN

„Lem” & „Heweliusz” telescopes of BRITE constellation

BRITE (Brite Target Explorer) Project is an international collaboration aimed at collecting astronomical data on the brightness oscillation of stars which are bigger and hotter than the Sun. Institutes from Austria, Canada and Poland contributed star-observing nanosatellites, forming a constellation of 6 spacecraft constantly conducting photometric measurements of stars. CBK PAN built and qualified two …

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